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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2026.7.1101-1113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-1124</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Проектирование и конструирование строительных систем. Строительная механика. Основания и фундаменты, подземные сооружения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Construction system design and layout planning. Construction mechanics. Bases and foundations, underground structures</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Практическое применение стохастических расчетов конечной осадки оснований плитных фундаментов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Practical application of stochastic calculations of the final precipitation of plate foundations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кропоткин</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kropotkin</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Петрович Кропоткин — кандидат геолого-минералогических наук, доцент кафедры инженерных изысканий и геоэкологии</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail P. Kropotkin — Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Engineering Surveys and Geoecology</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">singeos@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фоменко</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomenko</surname><given-names>I. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Константинович Фоменко — доктор геолого-минералогических наук</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor K. Fomenko — Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences</p><p>23 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ifolga@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горлов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorlov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Александрович Горлов — аспирант</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Gorlov — postgraduate student</p><p>23 Miklukho-Maklaya st., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrey.gor10@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный геологоразведочный университет имени Серго Орджоникидзе (МГРИ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting (MGRI)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>1101</fpage><lpage>1113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кропоткин М.П., Фоменко И.К., Горлов А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кропоткин М.П., Фоменко И.К., Горлов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kropotkin M.P., Fomenko I.K., Gorlov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/1124">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/1124</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Моделирование геотехнических систем сопряжено с проблемой неточности и неполноты данных о моделируемой системе. Существующие детерминистические методы расчета оснований не позволяют количественно оценить риски, связанные с пространственной изменчивостью свойств грунтов. Цель исследования — демонстрация применения стохастического подхода на основе рандомизированного метода конечных элементов (МКЭ) для оценки надежности и риска превышения допустимых осадок фундаментов храмового комплекса в Москве.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Использованы результаты инженерно-геологических изысканий на основе данных электроконтактного динамического зондирования (ЭДЗ), в ходе которого была проанализирована неоднородность механических свойств грунта в пространстве. Для прогнозирования конечной осадки основания применялись два подхода: детерминированный расчет по методу послойного суммирования и численное моделирование методом конечных элементов в OPTUM G2. Стохастический анализ проведен с применением метода случайных конечных элементов (Random Finite Element Method — RFEM), в котором пространственная изменчивость параметров грунта задается с помощью теории случайного поля. Заданы вертикальные и горизонтальные корреляционные расстояния, коэффициенты вариации деформационных характеристик грунта для каждого инженерно-геологического элемента (ИГЭ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Детерминированные расчеты методом послойного суммирования показали осадки в пределах 22–51 мм, не превышающие допустимых значений. Однако численное моделирование с помощью МКЭ выявило значительно большие осадки (56–118 мм в зависимости от принятого модуля деформации насыпных грунтов). Вероятностный анализ продемонстрировал, что при модуле деформации насыпных грунтов 5 МПа вероятность превышения предельной осадки для фундамента I составляет 61 %, для фундамента II — 23 %. Установлена высокая вероятность (около 9 %) возникновения недопустимой неравномерности осадки между фундаментами II и III.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Показано, что традиционные детерминистические методы расчета могут не выявлять потенциально опасные сценарии работы основания. Применение стохастической методологии (RFEM) позволяет количественно оценить надежность основания и риски превышения предельных деформаций. Для внедрения современных методов расчета требуется уточнение нормативной базы, в частности, методики определения глубины зоны влияния и обработки данных полевых исследований с учетом пространственной изменчивости свойств грунтов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Modelling of geotechnical systems faces the challenge of inaccuracy and incompleteness of data about the system being modelled. Existing deterministic methods for foundation design do not allow for a quantitative assessment of risks associated with the spatial variability of soil properties. The aim of this research is to demonstrate the application of a probabilistic-stochastic approach based on the Random Finite Element Method (RFEM) for assessing the reliability and risk of exceeding allowable settlements of the foundations of a temple complex in Moscow.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study used engineering geological investigation data obtained by electric-contact dynamic sounding (ECDS) to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of soil mechanical properties. Two approaches were used to predict the final precipitation of the base: deterministic calculation using the layer-by-layer summation method and numerical modelling using the finite element method in OPTUM G2. Stochastic analysis was performed using the Random Finite Element Method (RFEM), in which the spatial variability of soil parameters is determined using random field theory. Vertical and horizontal correlation distances, as well as coefficients of variation for the deformation characteristics of the soil, were defined for each engineering-geological element.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Deterministic calculations using the layer-by-layer summation method showed settlements in the range of 22–51 mm, not exceeding allowable limits. However, numerical modelling using FEM revealed significantly larger settlements (56–118 mm, depending on the assumed deformation modulus of the fill soils). Probabilistic analysis demonstrated that with a fill soil deformation modulus of 5 MPa, the probability of exceeding the limiting settlement for Foundation I is 61 %, and for Foundation II, 23 %. A high probability (approximately 9 %) of the occurrence of inadmissible differential settlement between Foundations II and III was established.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. It is shown that traditional deterministic calculation methods may fail to identify potentially hazardous foundation performance scenarios. The application of stochastic methodology (RFEM) allows for a quantitative assessment of foundation reliability and the risks of exceeding limiting deformations. The implementation of modern calculation methods requires refinement of the regulatory framework, particularly regarding the methodology for determining the depth of the influence zone and the processing of field test data considering the spatial variability of soil properties.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неопределенность</kwd><kwd>осадка</kwd><kwd>стохастический подход</kwd><kwd>зона влияния</kwd><kwd>ЭДЗ</kwd><kwd>пространственная изменчивость грунтов</kwd><kwd>физико-механические свойства грунтов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uncertainty</kwd><kwd>settlement</kwd><kwd>stochastic approach</kwd><kwd>zone of influence</kwd><kwd>electric-contact dynamic sounding (ECDS)</kwd><kwd>spatial variability of soils</kwd><kwd>physico-mechanical properties of soils</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Griffiths D.V. 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