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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2023.9.1369-1382</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-46</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Проектирование и конструирование строительных систем. Строительная механика. Основания и фундаменты, подземные сооружения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Construction system design and layout planning. Construction mechanics. Bases and foundations, underground structures</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Жесткость поврежденной пожаром железобетонной колонны при разгрузке после высокоинтенсивного горизонтального воздействия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stiffness of a fire-damaged reinforced concrete column during unloading after high-intensity horizontal impact</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-4788</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тамразян</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tamrazyan</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ашот Георгиевич Тамразян — доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой железобетонных и каменных конструкций</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p><p>РИНЦ ID: 447901, ResearcherID: T-1253-2017, Scopus: 55975413900</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ashot G. Tamrazyan — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Reinforced Concrete and Stone Structures</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p><p>ID RSCI: 447901, ResearcherID: T-1253-2017, Scopus: 55975413900</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tamrazian@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6240-9993</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черник</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernik</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Игоревич Черник — преподаватель кафедры железобетонных и каменных конструкций</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p><p>РИНЦ ID: 1091685, ResearcherID: AAD-8260-2022, Scopus: 57218420224</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Chernik — Lecturer of the Department of Reinforced Concrete and Stone Structures</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p><p>ID RSCI: 1091685, ResearcherID: AAD-8260-2022, Scopus: 57218420224</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernik_vi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>1369</fpage><lpage>1382</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тамразян А.Г., Черник В.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тамразян А.Г., Черник В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tamrazyan A.G., Chernik V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/46">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/46</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Последствия разрушительных землетрясений показывают, что проблема анализа реакции железобетонных каркасов при сейсмических нагрузках после пожара является актуальной. Применяемые при этом расчетные модели для отдельных элементов и зданий в целом должны учитывать нелинейные свойства бетона и арматуры. Малоцикловой характер сейсмического воздействия приводит к необходимости разработки моделей гистерезиса, которые отражали бы специфику поведения конструкции не только при нагружении, но также при разгрузке и последующем приложении силы в обратном направлении. Представлен краткий обзор моделей гистерезиса для железобетонных элементов при малоцикловых нагрузках с акцентом на жесткостные свойства при разгрузке. Гистерезисных моделей для железобетонных элементов после пожара в настоящее время не разработано.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Предлагаемая модель основана на билинейной диаграмме для расчета внецентренно сжатых железобетонных колонн, поврежденных пожаром. Для описания модели требуется всего три параметра: предельный момент, предельная кривизна и эффективная начальная жесткость. При определении жесткости при разгрузке используется метод, основанный на непосредственном рассмотрении распределения напряжений и деформаций в стадии напряженно-деформированного состояния, соответствующей полной разгрузке. Модель учитывает различные уровни осевой нагрузки, косвенное армирование поперечными хомутами, продольный изгиб и неравномерное распределение напряжений в сжатой зоне бетона.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На основе предложенной модели проведено сравнение билинейных диаграмм деформирования и жесткостей при разгрузке для железобетонных колонн, подвергнутых стандартному пожару различной продолжительности. Результаты расчетов показали значительное снижение несущей способности и жесткости поврежденных колонн и увеличение их пластичности. Жесткость разгрузки для железобетонных колонн оказалась меньше начальной. Снижение жесткости при разгрузке происходит тем более интенсивней, чем дольше оказывалось воздействие пожара.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Полученная модель проста в использовании и подходит для большинства инженерных расчетов. Данная модель может быть применена в качестве основы для построения диаграммы гистерезиса для малоцикловых воздействий после пожара, что необходимо для сейсмического анализа конструкций во временной области.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The consequences of destructive earthquakes show that the problem of analyzing the response of reinforced concrete frames under seismic loads after a fire is urgent. The calculation models applied in this case for individual elements and buildings as a whole should take into account the nonlinear properties of concrete and reinforcement. The low-cycle nature of seismic action leads to the necessity of developing hysteresis models, which would reflect the specific behaviour of the structure not only during loading but also during unloading and subsequent application of force in the opposite direction. A brief review of hysteresis models for reinforced concrete elements under low-cycle loading with emphasis on the stiffness properties during unloading is presented. Hysteresis models for reinforced concrete elements after fire have not been developed at present.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The proposed model is based on a bilinear diagram for the calculation eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete columns damaged by fire. Only three parameters are required to describe the model: limiting moment, limiting curvature, and effective initial stiffness. In determining the unloading stiffness, a method based on direct consideration of the stress and strain distribution in the stress-strain stage corresponding to full unloading is used. The model takes into account different levels of axial loading, indirect reinforcement by transverse clamps, longitudinal bending and non-uniform stress distribution in the compressed zone of concrete.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Based on the proposed model, a comparison of bilinear diagrams of deformation and stiffness at unloading for reinforced concrete columns subjected to standard fire of different duration was carried out. Calculation results showed a significant decrease in the bearing capacity and stiffness of the damaged columns and an increase in their plasticity. The unloading stiffness for reinforced concrete columns was less than the initial one. The decrease in unloading stiffness is the more intensive the longer the fire exposure was.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The obtained model is easy to use and suitable for most engineering calculations. The model can be used as a basis for constructing a hysteresis diagram for low-cycle impacts after a fire, which is necessary for seismic analysis of structures in the time domain.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>железобетон</kwd><kwd>землетрясение</kwd><kwd>нелинейность</kwd><kwd>огнестойкость</kwd><kwd>пластический шарнир</kwd><kwd>пожар</kwd><kwd>сейсмостойкость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reinforced concrete</kwd><kwd>earthquake</kwd><kwd>nonlinearity</kwd><kwd>fire resistance</kwd><kwd>plastic hinge</kwd><kwd>fire</kwd><kwd>seismic resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tamrazyan A.G., Avetisyan L.A. Behavior of compressed reinforced concrete columns under thermodynamic influences taking into account increased concrete deformability // IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2018. 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