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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2023.9.1422-1432</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-50</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Гидравлика. Геотехника. Гидротехническое строительство</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Hydraulics. Geotechnique. Hydrotechnical construction</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспериментальный стенд для физического моделирования течений в проточном тракте гидротурбин</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental stand for physical modelling of flows in the flow path of hydraulic turbines</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-2704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орехов</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orekhov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генрих Васильевич Орехов — доктор технических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры гидравлики и гидротехнического строительства</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Genrikh V. Orekhov — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Hydraulics and Hydraulic Engineering</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orehov_genrih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-268X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скляднев</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyadnev</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Константинович Скляднев — аспирант кафедры гидравлики и гидротехнического строительства</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail K. Sklyadnev — postgraduate student of the Department of Hydraulics and Hydraulic Engineering</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.kons20@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>1422</fpage><lpage>1432</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орехов Г.В., Скляднев М.К., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орехов Г.В., Скляднев М.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orekhov G.V., Sklyadnev M.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/50">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/50</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В гидротехническом строительстве широко используются закрученные потоки, в частности в водосбросных системах гидроузлов и гасителях кинетической энергии. Описывается экспериментальная установка для исследования циркуляционных течений бесконтактным лазерным объемным методом. Приводятся принцип метода и основные характеристики регистрирующей аппаратуры. Данная установка позволяет проводить физическое моделирование сложных течений с получением кинематических и динамических характеристик потока.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучение различных физических явлений требует соблюдения определенных законов моделирования. При моделировании гидродинамических явлений нужно соблюдать геометрическое, кинематическое и динамическое подобия. Одним из наиболее важных понятий любых видов моделирования является критерий подобия. На основании этих критериев создан экспериментальный стенд. Воздушный поток генерируется аэродинамической трубой AeroLab. В качестве измерительной аппаратуры используется PIV-система, состоящая из двух камер Imager HS и лазера NL 200-15. Для закрутки потока применяется модель локального лопаточного монозавихрителя осевого типа. В роли частиц индикаторов для съемки выступает синтетическое масло.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Разработаны экспериментальный стенд для модельных исследований вихревых потоков в проточном тракте гидротурбины, оптимальная схема расстановки измерительной аппаратуры и получены эпюры распределения скоростей вдоль и поперек потока.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Разработанная схема расстановки аппаратуры позволяет получать качественные снимки потока, пригодные для дальнейшей обработки. Построенные в результате экспериментов эпюры распределения скоростей соответствуют ранее полученным другими исследователями. Созданный экспериментальный стенд сможет использоваться для выполнения широкого ряда задач, например для исследования возможности использования спиральных камер в качестве водосбросов с контрвихревыми гасителями энергии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Swirling flows are widely used in hydraulic engineering particularly in the spillway systems of hydroelectric systems and kinetic energy absorbers. An experimental setup for the study of circulation flows by non-contact laser volumetric method is described. The principle of the method and the main characteristics of the recording equipment are given. This installation allows to carry out physical modelling of complex flows to obtain kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the flow.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study of various physical phenomena requires compliance with certain modelling laws. When modelling hydrodynamic phenomena, it is necessary to observe geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarities. One of the most important concepts of any kind of modelling is similarity criteria. Based on these criteria, an experimental stand is designed. The air flow is generated by AeroLab wind tunnel. PIV system consisting of two Imager HS cameras and NL 200-15 laser is used as measuring equipment. To swirl the flow, a local mono-vortex axial type vane swirler is used. Synthetic oil is used as indicator particles for imaging.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An experimental stand for modelling studies of vortex flows in the flow path of a hydraulic turbine, an optimal scheme for the arrangement of measuring equipment was developed and velocity distribution diagrams along and across the flow were obtained.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The developed scheme of instrumentation arrangement allows obtaining high-quality images of the flow suitable for further processing. The velocity distribution diagrams constructed as a result of the experiments correspond to those previously obtained by other researchers. The created experimental stand can be used to fulfill a wide range of tasks, for example, to study the possibility of using spiral chambers as spillways with counter-vortex energy dampers.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>закрученные потоки</kwd><kwd>модельная установка</kwd><kwd>лазерные системы</kwd><kwd>скорость течения</kwd><kwd>вихревой гаситель</kwd><kwd>энергия потока</kwd><kwd>цифровая трассерная визуализация</kwd><kwd>экспериментальный стенд</kwd><kwd>гидротурбина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>swirling flows</kwd><kwd>model installation</kwd><kwd>laser systems</kwd><kwd>flow velocity</kwd><kwd>vortex damper</kwd><kwd>flow energy</kwd><kwd>Particle Image Velocimetry</kwd><kwd>experimental stand</kwd><kwd>hydraulic turbine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adrian R.J. 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