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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2025.6.888-898</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-655</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Проектирование и конструирование строительных систем. Строительная механика. Основания и фундаменты, подземные сооружения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Construction system design and layout planning. Construction mechanics. Bases and foundations, underground structures</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка надежности системы «сооружение – многослойное основание» с учетом жесткости, мощности и конфигурации слоев</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reliability assessment of the system “structure – multilayer foundation” taking into account stiffness, capacity and configuration of layers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9148-2815</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшеничкина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshenichkina</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерия Александровна Пшеничкина — доктор технических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры строительных конструкций, оснований и надежности сооружений</p><p>400005, г. Волгоград, пр. им. Ленина, д. 28</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 653059, Scopus: 57189646401, ResearcherID: ABF-4196-2020</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeria A. Pshenichkina — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Building Structures, Foundations and reliability of structures</p><p>28 Lenin ave., Volgograd, 400005</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 653059, Scopus: 57189646401, ResearcherID: ABF-4196-2020</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vap_hm@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4770-8754</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Станислав Юрьевич Иванов — ассистент кафедры строительных конструкций, оснований и надежности сооружений</p><p>400005, г. Волгоград, пр. им. Ленина, д. 28</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 1078261</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav Yu. Ivanov — assistant of the Department of Building Structures, Foundations and reliability of structures</p><p>28 Lenin ave., Volgograd, 400005</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 1078261</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stassuz-1-14@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9360-8239</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рекунов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rekunov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Сергеевич Рекунов — кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры строительной механики</p><p>400005, г. Волгоград, пр. им. Ленина, д. 28</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 496757, Scopus: 57190969032, ResearcherID: ABB-4080-2020</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Rekunov — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Structural Mechanics</p><p>28 Lenin ave., Volgograd, 400005</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 496757, Scopus: 57190969032, ResearcherID: ABB-4080-2020</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rekunoff@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0810-8177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чураков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churakov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Александрович Чураков — кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры строительных конструкций, оснований и надежности сооружений</p><p>400005, г. Волгоград, пр. им. Ленина, д. 28</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 475651, Scopus: 57214092414</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey A. Churakov — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate professor, Associate professor of the Department of Building Structures, Foundations and reliability of structures</p><p>28 Lenin ave., Volgograd, 400005</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 475651, Scopus: 57214092414</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexei.churakov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Волгоградский государственный технический университет (ВолгГТУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Volgograd State Technical University (VSTU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>888</fpage><lpage>898</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пшеничкина В.А., Иванов С.Ю., Рекунов С.С., Чураков А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пшеничкина В.А., Иванов С.Ю., Рекунов С.С., Чураков А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pshenichkina V.A., Ivanov S.Y., Rekunov S.S., Churakov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/655">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/655</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Современные исследования, посвященные количественной оценке надежности сооружений при землетрясении, как правило, не учитывают волновые эффекты, пространственную неоднородность грунтового основания и обратное воздействие сооружения на движение грунта. Цель исследования — оценка надежности системы «сооружение – многослойное основание» с учетом влияния таких факторов, как жесткость сооружения, толщина и плотность слоев грунта, скорость распространения поперечной сейсмической волны, несущая частота сейсмического воздействия. Мерой надежности системы принята вероятность превышения коэффициента динамичности заданного значения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Используется расчетная модель горизонтальной слоистой среды. Сооружение рассматривается как элемент слоистой системы с приведенными жесткостными характеристиками. Сейсмическая нагрузка в виде вертикальной распространяющейся сдвиговой волны моделируется стационарным случайным процессом. Выходные характеристики системы — спектральная плотность ускорения, амплитудно-частотная характеристика и коэффициент динамичности на любом уровне каждого слоя и сооружения. По результатам серии расчетов коэффициент динамичности формулируется как нелинейная функция шести случайных аргументов. Линеаризация функции проводится методом планирования эксперимента. Строится функция надежности.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Получены аналитические зависимости функции коэффициента динамичности для двух вариантов основания с повышенными и пониженными значениями жесткости слоев с различным порядком их чередования. Выполнена оценка адекватности принятой линейной модели. Установлены вероятности превышения нормативного значения коэффициента динамичности для зданий различной жесткости с учетом влияния мощности слоев грунтового основания.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Принятый в нормах коэффициент динамичности, который для всех категорий грунтов не превышает значения 2,5, не может обеспечить требуемый уровень надежности сейсмостойких зданий и должен определяться на основе расчетов с учетом жесткости сооружения и характеристик многослойного основания.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Modern studies on the quantitative assessment of the reliability of structures during earthquakes generally do not consider wave effects, the spatial heterogeneity of soil foundations, and the reverse impact of the structure on ground motion. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the reliability of the “structure – multilayer foundation” system, considering factors such as stiffness of the structure, the thickness and density of soil layers, the propagation speed of the transverse seismic wave, and the dominant frequency of seismic action. The reliability measure of the system is taken as the probability of the dynamic coefficient exceeding a specified value.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A computational model of a horizontally layered medium is used. The structure is considered an element of the layered system with equivalent rigidity characteristics. Seismic loading in the form of a vertically propagating shear wave is modelled as a stationary random process. The output characteristics of the system include the spectral density of acceleration, the amplitude — frequency response, and the dynamic coefficient at any level of each layer and the structure. Based on a series of calculations, the dynamic coefficient is formulated as a nonlinear function of six random arguments. The function is linearized using the experimental design method, and the reliability function is constructed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Analytical dependencies of the dynamic coefficient function were obtained for two types of foundations with increased and decreased stiffness values of layers, with different orders of their alternation. An assessment of the adequacy of the adopted linear model was conducted. The probabilities of exceeding the normative value of the dynamic coefficient were determined for buildings of varying rigidity, considering the influence of the thickness of the soil foundation layers.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The dynamic coefficient adopted in the standards, which does not exceed 2.5 for all soil categories, cannot ensure the required reliability level of earthquake — resistant buildings and should be determined based on calculations that account for the rigidity of the structure and the characteristics of the multilayer foundation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оценка надежности</kwd><kwd>система «сооружение – основание»</kwd><kwd>многослойное основание</kwd><kwd>коэффициент динамичности</kwd><kwd>амплитудно-частотная характеристика</kwd><kwd>нелинейная функция случайных аргументов</kwd><kwd>метод планирования эксперимента</kwd><kwd>вероятностный расчет</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reliability assessment</kwd><kwd>“structure – foundation” system</kwd><kwd>multilayer foundation</kwd><kwd>dynamic coefficient</kwd><kwd>amplitude-frequency characteristic</kwd><kwd>nonlinear function of random arguments</kwd><kwd>the method of experimental design</kwd><kwd>probabilistic calculation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бирбрайер А.Н. 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