<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2025.7.1095-1103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-676</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Гидравлика. Геотехника. Гидротехническое строительство</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Hydraulics. Geotechnique. Hydrotechnical construction</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспериментальная проверка динамических характеристик системы измерения пульсационного давления</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental verification of the dynamic characteristics of the pulsation pressure measurement system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6900-2704</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орехов</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orekhov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генрих Васильевич Орехов — доктор технических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры гидравлики и гидротехнического строительства</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Genrikh V. Orekhov — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Hydraulics and Hydraulic Engineering</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orehov_genrih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-268X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скляднев</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyadnev</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Константинович Скляднев — преподаватель кафедры гидравлики и гидротехнического строительства</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail K. Sklyadnev — lecturer of the Department of Hydraulics and Hydraulic Engineering</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.kons20@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8041-5350</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубков</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubkov</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Федорович Зубков — кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>119192, г. Москва, Мичуринский пр-т, д. 1</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 10906, Scopus: 55411829200</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander F. Zubkov — Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, senior research fellow</p><p>1 Michurinsky prospect, Moscow, 119192</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 10906, Scopus: 55411829200</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9392998@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт механики Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова (НИИ механики МГУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Mechanics of Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>1095</fpage><lpage>1103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орехов Г.В., Скляднев М.К., Зубков А.Ф., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орехов Г.В., Скляднев М.К., Зубков А.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orekhov G.V., Sklyadnev M.K., Zubkov A.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/676">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/676</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Динамическое давление измеряется во многих сферах жизнедеятельности человека. Разместить датчик непосредственно в точке приемника давления часто не представляется возможным. Приходится использовать соединительные трубки. Рассматривается диагностика измерительной системы для получения динамических характеристик потока в модели водосбросного тракта гидротурбины. Цель исследования — определение оптимальной длины соединительной трассы и проверка передаточных характеристик используемой измерительной системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для диагностики измерительной системы создан специальный стенд. Программное обеспечение для обработки сигналов реализовано в среде графического программирования LabVIEW. Алгоритмом преобразования сигналов датчиков из области времени в область частот являлось дискретное преобразование Фурье. В измерительной системе применялись датчики давления XGZP6857A. Использовался аналого-цифровой преобразователь NI USB 6225. Калибровка выполнялась стандартным методом путем проведения «эталонных» экспериментов в аэродинамической установке AeroLab. Эталонным прибором стал дифференциальный цифровой манометр ЭКО-ИНТЕХ ДМЦ-01М.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По итогам проведенных опытов получены значения пульсаций давления при шести различных длинах соединительных трубок. В экспериментах использовались соединительные трубки следующих длин: 20, 40, 70, 150, 400, 900 мм. Пульсации давления записывались в диапазоне от 0 до 70 Гц с шагом 10 Гц. При дальнейшем анализе сигналов были получены спектры пульсаций давления и зависимости амплитуды пульсаций давления от длины соединительной трубки.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Описанный стенд может применяться для динамической калибровки датчиков давления в диапазоне частот до 70 Гц при различной длине соединительных трубок. Измерительная система, рассмотренная в статье, может быть использована для получения динамических характеристик потока в модели водосбросного тракта гидротурбины при применении медных соединительных трубок до 400 мм длиной.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Dynamic pressure is measured in many areas of human activity. It is often not possible to place a sensor directly at the pressure receiver point. Connecting tubes have to be used. This paper discusses the diagnostics of a measuring system for obtaining dynamic flow characteristics in a model of a hydraulic turbine spillway. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal length of the pressure connecting line and to check the transfer characteristics of the measuring system used.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A special stand was created for diagnostics of the measuring system. The software for signal processing is implemented in the LabVIEW graphical programming environment. The algorithm for converting sensor signals from the time domain to the frequency domain was the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The measuring system used pressure sensors XGZP6857A. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) NI USB 6225 was used. Calibration was performed using the standard method by conducting “reference” experiments in the AeroLab aerodynamic setup. The reference device is the differential digital pressure gauge ECO-INTECH DMC-01M.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. As a result of the experiments, pressure pulsation values were obtained for 6 different lengths of connecting tubes. The following lengths of connecting tubes were used in the experiments: 20, 40, 70, 150, 400, 900 mm. Pressure pulsations were recorded in the range from 0 to 70 Hz with a step of 10 Hz. During further analysis of the signals, pressure pulsation spectra and the dependence of the pressure pulsation amplitude on the length of the connecting tube were obtained.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The setup described in the paper can be used for dynamic calibration of pressure sensors in the frequency range up to 70 Hz with different lengths of connecting tubes. The measuring system discussed in the paper can be used to obtain dynamic characteristics of flow in the model of the hydraulic turbine spillway when copper connecting tubes up to 400 mm long are used.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>датчик давления</kwd><kwd>измерение давления</kwd><kwd>статическая и динамическая калибровка</kwd><kwd>соединительная трубка</kwd><kwd>частотный спектр сигнала</kwd><kwd>измерение пульсационного давления</kwd><kwd>стенд для динамической калибровки</kwd><kwd>длина трассы</kwd><kwd>пульсации давления</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pressure transducer</kwd><kwd>pressure measurement</kwd><kwd>static and dynamic calibration</kwd><kwd>connecting tube</kwd><kwd>signal frequency spectrum</kwd><kwd>pulsation pressure measurement</kwd><kwd>dynamic calibration stand</kwd><kwd>route length</kwd><kwd>pressure pulsations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tey A.J.D., Vicarioli G.G., Rodríguez J.E.M. Development of a dynamic standard of pressure // 18th International Congress of Metrology. 2017. P. 14002. DOI: 10.1051/metrology/201714002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tey A.J.D., Vicarioli G.G., Rodríguez J.E.M. Development of a dynamic standard of pressure. 18th International Congress of Metrology. 2017; 14002. DOI: 10.1051/metrology/201714002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaetani P., Persico G. Technology Development of Fast-Response Aerodynamic Pressure Probes // International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power. 2020. Vol. 5. Issue 2. P. 6. DOI: 10.3390/ijtpp5020006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaetani P., Persico G. Technology Development of Fast-Response Aerodynamic Pressure Probes. International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power. 2020; 5(2):6. DOI: 10.3390/ijtpp5020006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amer E., Jönsson G., Arrhen F. Towards traceable dynamic pressure calibration using a shock tube with an optical probe for accurate phase determination // Metrologia. 2022. Vol. 59. Issue 3. P. 035001. DOI: 10.1088/1681-7575/ac5db5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amer E., Jönsson G., Arrhen F. Towards traceable dynamic pressure calibration using a shock tube with an optical probe for accurate phase determination. Metrologia. 2022; 59(3):035001. DOI: 10.1088/1681-7575/ac5db5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kutin J., Svete A. Connecting volume effects on dynamics of pneumatic pressure measurement systems // ACTA IMEKO. 2020. Vol. 9. Issue 5. P. 315. DOI: 10.21014/acta_imeko.v9i5.991</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kutin J., Svete A. Connecting volume effects on dynamics of pneumatic pressure measurement systems. ACTA IMEKO. 2020; 9(5):315. DOI: 10.21014/acta_imeko.v9i5.991</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Svete A., Kutin J. Optimal dimensions of connecting tubes for dynamic measurements of pressure // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2018. Vol. 1065. P. 162006. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1065/16/162006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svete A., Kutin J. Optimal dimensions of connecting tubes for dynamic measurements of pressure. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2018; 1065:162006. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1065/16/162006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pereira J.D. Pressure Sensors: Working Principles of Static and Dynamic Calibration // Sensors. 2024. Vol. 24. Issue 2. P. 629. DOI: 10.3390/s24020629</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pereira J.D. Pressure Sensors: Working Principles of Static and Dynamic Calibration. Sensors. 2024; 24(2):629. DOI: 10.3390/s24020629</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bajsić I., Kutin J., Žagar T. Response time of a pressure measurement system with a connecting tube // Instrumentation Science &amp; Technology. 2007. Vol. 35. Issue 4. Pp. 399–409. DOI: 10.1080/107391-40701436579</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bajsić I., Kutin J., Žagar T. Response time of a pressure measurement system with a connecting tube. Instrumentation Science &amp; Technology. 2007; 35(4):399-409. DOI: 10.1080/10739140701436579</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dos Reis E., de Gaspari C.A. On measuring dynamic pressure in multiphase flows // 19th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dos Reis E., de Gaspari C.A. On measuring dynamic pressure in multiphase flows. 19th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. 2007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Venkatasubramanian V., Rengaswamy R., Yin K., Kavuri S.N. A review of process fault detection and diagnosis // Computers &amp; Chemical Engineering. 2003. Vol. 27. Issue 3. Pp. 293–311. DOI: 10.1016/s0098-1354(02)00160-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Venkatasubramanian V., Rengaswamy R., Yin K., Kavuri S.N. A review of process fault detection and diagnosis. Computers &amp; Chemical Engineering. 2003; 27(3):293-311. DOI: 10.1016/s0098-1354(02)00-160-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elgeneidy K., Lohse N., Jackson M. Bending angle prediction and control of soft pneumatic actuators with embedded flex sensors — a data-driven approach // Mechatronics. 2017. Vol. 50. Pp. 234–247. DOI: 10.1016/j.mechatronics.2017.10.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elgeneidy K., Lohse N., Jackson M. Bending angle prediction and control of soft pneumatic actuators with embedded flex sensors — a data-driven approach. Mechatronics. 2017; 50:234-247. DOI: 10.1016/j.mechatronics.2017.10.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zeng W., Jacobi I., Beck D.J., Li S., Stone H.A. Characterization of syringe-pump-driven induced pressure fluctuations in elastic microchannels // Lab on a Chip. 2015. Vol. 15. Issue 4. Pp. 1110–1115. DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01347f</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zeng W., JacobiI., Beck D.J., Li S., Stone H.A. Characterization of syringe-pump-driven induced pressure fluctuations in elastic microchannels. Lab on a Chip. 2015; 15(4):1110-1115. DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01347f</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Theodoro F.R.F., da Costa Reis M.L.C., d’Andra-de Souto C., de Barros E. Dynamic calibration of pressure transducers employed in the aerospace sector : a literature survey // 22nd International Congress of Mechanical Engineering (COBEM 2013). 2013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Theodoro F.R.F., da Costa Reis M.L.C., d’Andra-de Souto C., de Barros E. Dynamic calibration of pressure transducers employed in the aerospace sector : a literature survey. 22nd International Congress of Mechanical Engineering (COBEM 2013). 2013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Svetea A., Štefea M., Mačeka A., Kutin J., Bajsić I. Dynamic pressure generator for dynamic calibrations at different average pressures based on a double-acting pneumatic actuator // Sensors and Actuators A: Physical. 2016. Vol. 247. Pp. 136–143. DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2016.05.031</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Svetea A., Štefea M., Mačeka A., Kutin J., Bajsić I. Dynamic pressure generator for dynamic calibrations at different average pressures based on a double-acting pneumatic actuator. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical. 2016; 247:136-143. DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2016.05.031</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pieniążek J., Ciecinski P., Ficek D., Szumski M. Dynamic Response of the Pitot Tube with Pressure Sensor // Sensors. 2023. Vol. 23. Issue 5. P. 2843. DOI: 10.3390/s23052843</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pieniążek J., Ciecinski P., Ficek D., Szumski M. Dynamic Response of the Pitot Tube with Pressure Sensor. Sensors. 2023; 23(5):2843. DOI: 10.3390/s23-052843</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kutin J., Svete A. On the theory of the frequency response of gas and liquid pressure measurement systems with connecting tubes // Measurement Science and Technology. 2018. Vol. 29. Issue 12. P. 125108. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6501/aae884</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kutin J., Svete A. On the theory of the frequency response of gas and liquid pressure measurement systems with connecting tubes. Measurement Science and Technology. 2018; 29(12):125108. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6501/aae884</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li R., Lin S., Ge N., Gao L. Nonembedded measurement method based on amplitude correction for unsteady surface pressure estimation in a high-subsonic compressor cascade // Measurement. 2023. Vol. 222. P. 113685. DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2023.113685</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li R., Lin S., Ge N., Gao L. Nonembedded measurement method based on amplitude correction for unsteady surface pressure estimation in a high-subsonic compressor cascade. Measurement. 2023; 222:113685. DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2023.113685</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов С.А., Мясникова М.Г., Панов А.П., Цыпин Б.В. Выбор методов спектрального оценивания для системы контроля динамических характеристик датчиков давления // Измерение. Мониторинг. Управление. Контроль. 2015. № 2 (12). С. 45–51. EDN UKSFCJ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov S.A., Myasnikova M.G., Panov A.P., Tsypin B.V. Choice of methods of spectral evaluation for checking of dynamic descriptions of pressductors. Measuring. Monitoring. Management. Control. 2015; 2(12):45-51. EDN UKSFCJ. (rus.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бушуев О.Ю. Применение метода Прони для анализа выходных сигналов преобразователей давления // Вестник Южно-Уральского государственного университета. Серия: Компьютерные технологии, управление, радиоэлектроника. 2012. № 23 (282). С. 219–221. EDN PBBCTB.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bushuev O.Yu. Use of Prony’s method when analyzing the signal of a pressure transducer. Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Series Computer Technology, Automatic Control, Radio Electronics. 2012; 23(282):219-221. EDN PBBCTB. (rus.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мясникова Н.В., Панов А.П., Цыпин Б.В. Система для исследования характеристик датчиков динамического давления // Измерение. Мониторинг. Управление. Контроль. 2013. № 4 (6). С. 32–36. EDN RWVLJT.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myasnikova N.V., Panov A.P., Tsypin B.V. System for research of characteristics of sensors dynamic civil pressure. Measuring. Monitoring. Management. Control. 2013; 4(6):32-36. EDN RWVLJT. (rus.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бушуев О.Ю., Семенов А.С., Шестаков А.Л. Экспериментальная оценка динамических характеристик тензопреобразователей давления // Вестник Московского государственного технического университета им. Н.Э. Баумана. Серия Приборостроение. 2011. № 1 (82). С. 88–97. EDN NDXJPB.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bushuev O.Y., Semenov A.S., Shestakov A.L. Experimental evaluation of dynamic characteristics of pressure strain gauge transducers. Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Instrument Engineering. 2011; 1(82):88-97. EDN NDXJPB. (rus.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
