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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2025.7.1104-1112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-677</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Инженерные системы в строительстве</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Engineering systems in construction</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Энергетическая эффективность электрических котлов автономных индивидуальных систем теплоснабжения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Energy efficiency of electric boilers of autonomous individual heat supply systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-6948</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торопов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toropov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Леонидович Торопов — кандидат технических наук, генеральный директор — главный конструктор</p><p>105122, г. Москва, Щелковское шоссе, д. 13</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 1030472, Scopus: 58406665800</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey L. Toropov — Candidate of Technical Sciences, General Director — Chief Designer</p><p>13 Schelkovskoe shosse, Moscow, 105122</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 1030472, Scopus: 58406665800</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Toropov@aprilgroup.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3356-9116</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саргсян</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sargsyan</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самвел Володяевич Саргсян — кандидат технических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой теплогазоснабжения и вентиляции, директор Научно-образовательного центра «Теплогазоснабжение и вентиляция» (НОЦ «ТГВ»)</p><p>129337, г. Москва, Ярославское шоссе, д. 26</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 429896, Scopus: 57204373040</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samvel V. Sargsyan — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation, Director of the Scientific and Educational Center “Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation”</p><p>26 Yaroslavskoe shosse, Moscow, 129337</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 429896, Scopus: 57204373040</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sargsyansv@mgsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Инженерный центр «Апрель» (ИЦ «Апрель»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Engineering Center “April”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>1104</fpage><lpage>1112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Торопов А.Л., Саргсян С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Торопов А.Л., Саргсян С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Toropov A.L., Sargsyan S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/677">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/677</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Электрические водяные котлы — один из вариантов тепловых генераторов, применяемых в автономных системах теплоснабжения. По сравнению с традиционными тепловыми генераторами на углеводородном топливе, они дешевле, проще в эксплуатации и монтаже, безопаснее. В ряде регионов страны тарифы на электрическую энергию позволяют им конкурировать с традиционными котлами по экономическим показателям. Цель исследования — определить и сравнить показатели энергетической эффективности электрических тепловых генераторов с разными типами камер нагрева с теплоносителями вода, антифриз; оценить возможность запуска системы теплоснабжения из переохлажденного состояния.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследования носят экспериментальный характер, испытания проведены на исследовательском стенде завода «Ардерия». Установлены характеристики энергетической эффективности электрических тепловых генераторов с объемной камерой нагрева с нагревательными элементами, контактирующими с теплоносителем и проточной камерой косвенного поверхностного нагрева. Выполнены испытания запуска системы в морозильной камере.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Определены коэффициенты энергетической эффективности исследуемых образцов электрических тепловых генераторов, составившие в среднем 93,5 % для объемных камер нагрева и 0,97 % для камер проточного типа. Классифицированы составляющие тепловых потерь электрических генераторов. Применение антифризов снижает показатели энергетической эффективности тепловых генераторов на 2,1 %. Подтверждена возможность запуска системы теплоснабжения с электрическим тепловым генератором с проточной камерой нагрева из переохлажденного состояния с температурой –16 °С.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Результаты исследования показали существенные преимущества электрических тепловых генераторов с камерой нагрева проточного типа с косвенным поверхностным нагревом над тепловыми электрическими генераторами с объемной камерой нагрева.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Electric water boilers are one of the options for heat generators used in autonomous heat supply systems. Compared to traditional heat generators on hydrocarbon fuel, they are cheaper, easier to operate and install, and safer. In a number of regions of the country, electricity tariffs allow them to compete with traditional boilers in terms of economic indicators. The purpose of the work — to determine and compare the energy efficiency indicators of electric heat generators with different types of heating chambers with water and antifreeze coolants. To assess the possibility of starting the heat supply system from a supercooled state.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The research is experimental in nature, the tests were conducted on the research stand of the “Arderia” plant. The characteristics of the energy efficiency of electric heat generators with a volumetric heating chamber with heating elements in contact with the coolant and a flow chamber of indirect surface heating were determined. Tests of starting the system in a freezer were conducted.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The energy efficiency coefficients of the studied samples of electric heat generators were determined, amounting to an average of 93.5 % for volumetric heating chambers and 0.97 % for flow-type chambers. The components of heat losses of electric generators were classified. The use of antifreezes reduces the energy efficiency of heat generators by 2.1 %. The possibility of starting a heat supply system with an electric heat generator with a flow-type heating chamber from a supercooled state with a temperature of minus 16 °C was confirmed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The results of the study showed significant advantages of electric heat generators with a flow-type heating chamber with indirect surface heating over thermal electric generators with a volumetric heating chamber.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электрический котел</kwd><kwd>энергетическая эффективность</kwd><kwd>электрический нагревательный элемент</kwd><kwd>теплоноситель</kwd><kwd>антифриз</kwd><kwd>тепловые потери</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electric boiler</kwd><kwd>energy efficiency</kwd><kwd>electric heating element</kwd><kwd>heat carrier</kwd><kwd>antifreeze</kwd><kwd>heat loss</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы благодарят рецензентов за замечания по стилю изложения и научно-технической сути, способствующие более глубокому раскрытию темы научной работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors thank the reviewers for their comments, both in terms of the style of presentation and the scientific and technical essence, which contribute to a deeper disclosure of the topic of scientific work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стертюков К.Г., Стародубцева О.А. 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