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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2025.9.1373-1385</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-722</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Инженерные системы в строительстве</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Engineering systems in construction</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Математическая модель процесса потокораспределения в инженерных системах здания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematical model of the flow distribution process in building engineering systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-6825</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саввин</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savvin</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Юрьевич Саввин — кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры теплогазоснабжения и вентиляции</p><p>308012, г. Белгород, ул. Костюкова, д. 46</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 1108836, Scopus: 57219992792, ResearcherID: AAR-3129-2021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita Yu. Savvin — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Heat and Gas Supply and Ventilation</p><p>46 Kostyukova st., Belgorod, 308012</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 1108836, Scopus: 57219992792, ResearcherID: AAR-3129-2021 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n-savvin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова (БГТУ им. В.Г. Шухова)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov (BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>1373</fpage><lpage>1385</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саввин Н.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саввин Н.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Savvin N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/722">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/722</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В условиях современного строительства, где требования к энергоэффективности и устойчивости растут с каждым годом, необходимость в интегрированном подходе к моделированию субъектов инженерных систем (ИС) становится особенно актуальной.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для разработки математической модели жизненного цикла (ЖЦ) ИС здания использовался способ составления замкнутого ориентированного графа. Проведена математическая и графическая обработка полученных результатов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Представлен подход к моделированию процессов деградации и восстановления ИС, учитывающий зависимость от времени и текущего состояния для снижения затрат на текущий и плановые ремонты. Установлена взаимосвязь каждой ИС как полноценного комплекса. Выявлены проблемы, оказывающие влияние а работоспособность ИС зданий. Для моделирования динамики изменения производительности системы предложен коэффициент, учитывающий мгновенное ухудшение и постепенное ухудшение Kущ. Приведено практическое прогнозирование результатов исследования на ЖЦ комплекса ИС объекта капитального строительства.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы с целью проектирования ИС здания и оценки их функциональности на протяжении всего ЖЦ здания. Разработана математическая модель потокораспределения в ИС здания. Предложен уникальный коэффициент, учитывающий вероятность возникновения различного типа негативных воздействий. В перспективе предложенная система позволит отказаться от расчета ежегодных ожидаемых убытков, вызванных опасностями, и вместо этого сосредоточиться на оценке совокупного воздействия нескольких опасностей в контексте жизненного цикла инженерных систем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In the context of modern construction, where the requirements for energy efficiency and sustainability are growing every year, the need for an integrated approach to modelling the subjects of engineering systems is becoming especially relevant.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. To develop a mathematical model of the life cycle of building engineering systems, a method for compiling a closed directed graph was used. Mathematical and graphical processing of the obtained results was carried out.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. An approach to modelling the processes of degradation and restoration of engineering systems is presented, taking into account the dependence on time and the current state to reduce the costs of routine and scheduled repairs. The relationship of each engineering system as a full-fledged complex is established. Problems affecting the operability of building engineering systems are identified. In order to model the dynamics of system performance change, a coefficient considering instantaneous deterioration and gradual deterioration Сloss is proposed. A practical forecast of the research results for the life cycle of a complex of engineering systems of a capital construction project is presented.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The obtained results can be used to design building engineering systems and assess their functionality throughout the entire life cycle of the building. A mathematical model of flow distribution in the engineering systems of the building was developed. A unique coefficient is proposed that takes into account the probability of occurrence of various types of negative impacts. In the future, the proposed system will allow to abandon the calculation of annual expected losses caused by hazards and instead focus on assessing the combined impact of several hazards in the context of the life cycle of engineering systems.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>математическая модель</kwd><kwd>инженерные системы</kwd><kwd>проектирование</kwd><kwd>оптимизация</kwd><kwd>устойчивое развитие</kwd><kwd>коэффициент ущерба</kwd><kwd>программный комплекс</kwd><kwd>жизненный цикл</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mathematical model</kwd><kwd>engineering systems</kwd><kwd>design</kwd><kwd>optimization</kwd><kwd>sustainable development</kwd><kwd>damage coefficient</kwd><kwd>software package</kwd><kwd>life cycle</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Michalski W. Critiques of life cycle assessment. 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