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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2025.11.1728-1743</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-788</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Инженерные системы в строительстве</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Engineering systems in construction</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение аккумуляторов холода непосредственного контакта сред в системах кондиционирования воздуха</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of direct contact cold accumulators in air conditioning systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4064-9835</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Иванович Андреев — ассистент, аспирант кафедры теплоэнергетики и холодильных машин</p><p>414056, г. Астрахань, ул. Татищева, д. 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksander I. Andreev — assistant, postgraduate student of the Department of Thermal Power Engineering and Refrigeration Machines</p><p>16 Tatishcheva st., Astrakhan, 414056</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aresut79@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2513-9389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Евгеньевич Семенов — кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры теплоэнергетики и холодильных машин</p><p>414056, г. Астрахань, ул. Татищева, д. 16</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 4777446, ResearcherID: 301703507884</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Semenov — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Thermal Power Engineering and Refrigeration Machines</p><p>16 Tatishcheva st., Astrakhan, 414056</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 4777446, ResearcherID: 301703507884</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semenalex48@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Астраханский государственный технический университет (АГТУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>1728</fpage><lpage>1743</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Андреев А.И., Семенов А.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Андреев А.И., Семенов А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Andreev A.I., Semenov A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/788">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/788</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Выдвинуто предложение использовать аккумуляторы холода для обработки воздуха в системах кондиционирования воздуха (СКВ) зданий и сооружений с целью снижения нагрузки на холодильную машину в пиковых режимах работы, а также для выравнивания нагрузки на оборудование. Проанализирован ряд источников, подтверждающих актуальность исследования и детально освещающих данную тему.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Предложены две схемы аккумулятора холода на базе непосредственного контакта сред, а также построены математические модели процесса кристаллизации и аккумуляции. Рассчитаны параметры работы холодильной машины в составе СКВ, проведена оптимизация энергопотребления СКВ методом множителей Лагранжа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Для аккумулирования холода преимущественно рассматривались жидкие среды, прежде всего, растворы солей и фреоны. Анализ источников показал, что аккумуляторы холода с непосредственным контактом сред являются эффективной и перспективной технологией для повышения энергетической эффективности систем хладо-снабжения зданий и сооружений. На базе этого выполнен подробный расчет аккумулятора. Построена математическая модель процесса кристаллизации раствора при аккумулировании льда и рассчитаны параметры аккумулятора и холодильной машины. Исследованы две схемы технологии аккумуляции холода в системе холодильной машины СКВ — по способу раздельного получения льда и эжекторная схема. Полученные результаты моделирования показали, что применение новых технологий аккумуляции холода в системах СКВ позволяет снизить энергозатраты на эксплуатацию на 20–30 % и уменьшить первичные капиталовложения. Этот эффект достигается за счет снижения нагрузки на холодильное оборудование при пиковых режимах работы.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Полученные данные показали, что предложенные решения аккумулирования холода обладают меньшими энергозатратами по сравнению с аналогами на 20–30 %, а также способны повышать эффективность СКВ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The study puts forward a proposal to use cold accumulators for air treatment in air conditioning systems (ACS) of buildings and structures in order to reduce the load on the refrigeration machine during peak operating conditions, as well as to equalize the load on equipment. A number of sources were analyzed, confirming the relevance of the study and covering the topic under study in detail.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Two schemes of a cold accumulator based on direct contact of media are proposed, and mathematical models of the crystallization and accumulation process are constructed. The operating parameters of the refrigeration machine as part of the ACS are calculated and the energy consumption of the ACS is optimized using the Lagrange multiplier method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Liquid media, primarily salt solutions and freons, were mainly considered for cold accumulation. Analysis of sources showed that cold accumulators with direct contact of media are an effective and promising technology for increasing the energy efficiency of refrigeration systems of buildings and structures. Based on this, a detailed calculation of the accumulator was carried out. A mathematical model of the solution crystallization process during ice accumulation was built and the parameters of the accumulator and refrigeration machine were calculated. Two schemes of cold accumulation technology in the refrigeration machine system of the ACS were studied — by the method of separate ice production and an ejector scheme. The obtained modeling results showed that the use of new cold accumulation technologies in ACS systems allows re-ducing energy costs for operation by 20–30 % and reducing initial capital investments. The economic effect is achieved by reducing the load on the equipment at peak consumption values. This allows us to say that for the design stage it is possible to reduce the equipment power by selecting it based on half-peak values, with compensation using accumulation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The data obtained showed that the proposed cold storage solutions have lower energy consumption compared to analogues by 20–30 %, and are also capable of increasing the efficiency of ACS.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аккумулирование холода</kwd><kwd>охлаждение при непосредственном контакте сред</kwd><kwd>охлаждение воздуха</kwd><kwd>система кондиционирования воздуха</kwd><kwd>система жизнеобеспечения</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность системы кондиционирования воздуха</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cold storage</kwd><kwd>contact cooling</kwd><kwd>air cooling</kwd><kwd>air conditioning system</kwd><kwd>life support system</kwd><kwd>air conditioning system energy efficiency</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность анонимным рецензентам за рассмотрение и рецензирование работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for reviewing and evaluating this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов П.А. 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