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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2025.12.1878-1891</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-812</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Проектирование и конструирование строительных систем. Строительная механика. Основания и фундаменты, подземные сооружения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Construction system design and layout planning. Construction mechanics. Bases and foundations, underground structures</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методика обрушения здания элеватора из монолитного железобетона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methodology for the collapse of a monolithic reinforced concrete elevator building</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5783-3121</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Желуницын</surname><given-names>Ю. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhelunitsyn</surname><given-names>Yu. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Петрович Желуницын  — доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры технологии твердых химических веществ</p><p>443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, д. 244</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 982673</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurii P. Zhelunitsyn  — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Solid Chemicals Technology</p><p>244 Molodogvardeyskaya st., Samara, 443100</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 982673</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhelunitsyn51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахманин</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmanin</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Сергеевич Рахманин — кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры технологии твердых химических веществ;</p><p>443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, д. 244</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 852108, Scopus: 57189712694, ResearcherID: B-9091-2016</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg S. Rakhmanin — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Solid Chemicals Technology</p><p>244 Molodogvardeyskaya st., Samara, 443100</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 852108, Scopus: 57189712694, ResearcherID: B-9091-2016</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rakhmanin.os@samgtu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7797-3802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гречухина</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grechukhina</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Сергеевна Гречухина — кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры технологии твердых химических веществ</p><p>443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодогвардейская, д. 244</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 1057141, Scopus: 57214888777, ResearcherID: ABF-3158-2020</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariia S. Grechukhina — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Solid Chemicals Technology</p><p>244 Molodogvardeyskaya st., Samara, 443100</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 1057141, Scopus: 57214888777, ResearcherID: ABF-3158-2020</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariya_grechukhina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8801-6769</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куцепалова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutsepalova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Владиславовна Куцепалова — аспирант кафедры технологии твердых химических веществ</p><p>443100, г. Самара, ул. Молодо­гвардейская, д. 244</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 1262976, ResearcherID: OUH-8190-2025</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra V. Kutsepalova — postgraduate student of the Department of Solid Chemicals Technology</p><p>244 Molodogvardeyskaya st., Samara, 443100</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 1262976, ResearcherID: OUH-8190-2025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">al.kutsepalova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный технический университет (СамГТУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1878</fpage><lpage>1891</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Желуницын Ю.П., Рахманин О.С., Гречухина М.С., Куцепалова А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Желуницын Ю.П., Рахманин О.С., Гречухина М.С., Куцепалова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhelunitsyn Y.P., Rakhmanin O.S., Grechukhina M.S., Kutsepalova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/812">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/812</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Демонтаж зданий с помощью энергии взрыва является актуальной проблемой, так как процесс осложнен большим количеством различных геометрических параметров обрушаемых конструкций, которые могут не подходить под существующую методику обрушения, тем самым затрудняя процесс демонтажа. Примером такого объекта обрушения служит элеватор из монолитного железобетона в г. Ярославле. При обрушении здания на свое основание элеватор из-за большой прочности материала постройки не разрушится. Для обрушения конструкции в заданном направлении потребуется изготовить вруб с большим значением высоты и угла, что будет сложной технической проблемой. Предлагается метод, позволяющий уменьшить высоту вруба и объем специальных взрывных работ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнен расчет параметров вруба с учетом приобретаемой зданием в момент взрыва кинетической энергии, создающей дополнительные силы, способствующие его обрушению. Эти силы не учитывались в расчетах по существующей методике. По результатам проведенного расчета объем буровзрывных работ был уменьшен за счет снижения значений угла и высоты вруба, которые составили 21,5° и 3,94 м соответственно. Эти значения в 1,6 раза меньше относительно расчетов, произведенных с помощью существующей методики (угол вруба 32°, высота вруба 6,5 м).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Геометрические параметры вруба, рассчитанные по новому методу, использованы при проектировании взрывных работ по сносу четырех силосных корпусов элеватора в Ярославле. По итогам выполнения работ все здания были успешно обрушены, что подтвердило эффективность предложенной методики.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Проведенные взрывные работы продемонстрировали высокую эффективность и практическую значимость разработанного метода. Предложенная методика позволяет снизить величину вруба на 40 % по сравнению с существующим методом, что упрощает и ускоряет выполнение специальных взрывных работ, снижая риски для окружающих объектов и повышая безопасность рабочих за счет уменьшения количества взрывчатого вещества.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Dismantling of buildings using explosive energy is an urgent problem, as the process is complicated by a large number of different geometric parameters of collapsed structures, which may not fit the existing collapse methodology, thus complicating the process of dismantling the building. An example of such a collapse object is a monolithic reinforced concrete elevator in the city of Yaroslavl. If the building collapses on its base, the elevator, due to the great strength of the building material, will not collapse. For the collapse of the structure in a given direction, it will be necessary to make a cutout with a large value of height and angle, which will be a difficult technical problem. The authors propose a method to reduce the height of the cut and the volume of special blasting operations.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The calculation took into account the kinetic energy acquired by the building at the time of the explosion, which created additional forces contributing to its collapse. These forces were not taken into account in the calculations according to the existing methodology. According to the results of the calculation, the volume of drilling and blasting operations was reduced by reducing the values of the angle and height of the cut, which amounted to 21.5° and 3.94 m, respectively. These values are 1.6 times less compared to the results obtained using the existing methodology, where the height of the cut was 6.5 m at an angle of 32°.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The calculated blast parameters were applied to the design of blasting operations for the demolition of four silo buildings of a grain elevator in Yaroslavl. All buildings were successfully demolished, which confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The blasting operations demonstrated high efficiency and practical significance of the developed method. The proposed method allows to reduce the size of the cut by 40 % compared to the existing method, which simplifies and speeds up the performance of special blasting operations, reducing the risks to surrounding objects and increasing the safety of workers by reducing the number of explosives.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реконструкция</kwd><kwd>обрушение здания</kwd><kwd>расчет высоты вруба</kwd><kwd>методы демонтажных работ</kwd><kwd>закон сохранения энергии</kwd><kwd>кинетическая энергия</kwd><kwd>буровзрывные работы</kwd><kwd>специальные взрывные работы</kwd><kwd>методика взрывного обрушения</kwd><kwd>валка взрывом</kwd><kwd>направленное обрушение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reconstruction</kwd><kwd>building collapse</kwd><kwd>calculation of the cutting height</kwd><kwd>methods of dismantling works</kwd><kwd>law of energy conservation</kwd><kwd>kinetic energy</kwd><kwd>drilling and blasting works</kwd><kwd>special blasting works</kwd><kwd>methodology of explosive collapse</kwd><kwd>blast felling</kwd><kwd>directional collapse</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках государственного задания (тема № 125040404855-0). Авторы выражают благодарность техническому директору ООО «Спецтехвзрыв» С.В. Драчеву за содействие в практической реализации работы; профессору кафедры технологии твердых химических веществ Ю.П. Желуницыну за научное руководство.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under a state assignment (theme No. 125040404855-0). The authors would like to thank S.V. Drachev, Technical Director of Spetstekhvzryv LLC, for his assistance in the practical implementation of the work, and Yu.P. Zhelunitsyn, Professor of the Department of Technology of solid chemicals, for his scientific supervision.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Болотова А.С., Башкирова А.В. 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