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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mgssuvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник МГСУ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik MGSU</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1997-0935</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2304-6600</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (MGSU)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22227/1997-0935.2026.4.512-527</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mgssuvest-963</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Проектирование и конструирование строительных систем. Строительная механика. Основания и фундаменты, подземные сооружения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Construction system design and layout planning. Construction mechanics. Bases and foundations, underground structures</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Конечно-элементные модели термогидромеханического расчета насыпей автомобильных дорог в районах многолетнемерзлых грунтов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Finite element models for the thermohydromechanical analysis of road embankments in areas with permafrost soils</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6726-1131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демьянушко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demiyanushko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Вадимовна Демьянушко — доктор технических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры строительной механики</p><p>125319, г. Москва, Ленинградский пр-т, д. 64</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 158270, Scopus: 6602540287, ResearcherID: G-5604-2013</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Demiyanushko — Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Structural Mechanics</p><p>64 Leningradsky prospect, Moscow, 125319</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 158270, Scopus: 6602540287, ResearcherID: G-5604-2013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">demj-ir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стаин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stain</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Михайлович Стаин — кандидат технических наук, профессор кафедры строительной механики</p><p>125319, г. Москва, Ленинградский пр-т, д. 64</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 968131</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery M. Stain — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Structural Mechanics</p><p>64 Leningradsky prospect, Moscow, 125319</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 968131</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vamis@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2574-2839</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Анатольевич Карпов — кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры строительной механики</p><p>125319, г. Москва, Ленинградский пр-т, д. 64</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 971215, Scopus: 57209366542, ResearcherID: AAL-8344-2021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Karpov — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Structural Mechanics</p><p>64 Leningradsky prospect, Moscow, 125319</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 971215, Scopus: 57209366542, ResearcherID: AAL-8344-2021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilya.karpov@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абраменков</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramenkov</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Михайлович Абраменков — аспирант кафедры строительной механики</p><p>125319, г. Москва, Ленинградский пр-т, д. 64</p><p>РИНЦ AuthorID: 1213802, ResearcherID: OOK-2184-2025</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel M. Abramenkov — postgraduate student of the Department of Structural Mechanics </p><p>64 Leningradsky prospect, Moscow, 125319</p><p>RSCI AuthorID: 1213802, ResearcherID: OOK-2184-2025</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Tehb82@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский автомобильно-дорожный государственный технический университет (МАДИ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Automobile and Road Construction State Technical University (MADI)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>512</fpage><lpage>527</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Демьянушко И.В., Стаин В.М., Карпов И.А., Абраменков П.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Демьянушко И.В., Стаин В.М., Карпов И.А., Абраменков П.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demiyanushko I.V., Stain V.M., Karpov I.A., Abramenkov P.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/963">https://www.vestnikmgsu.ru/jour/article/view/963</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Современная практика строительства в районах с многолетнемерзлыми грунтами (ММГ) показывает, что наиболее рациональным принципом возведения оснований для автомобильных дорог (АД) в зоне перспективного развития территорий арктической зоны является сохранение грунтов в мерзлом состоянии (так называемый I принцип проектирования). Это объясняется, прежде всего, экономическими соображениями, так как оттаивание грунтов затратная технология и ее использование в какой-то степени оправдано только в зоне островного залегания вечномерзлых грунтов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Чтобы обеспечить нормативные требования к прочности и деформациям дорожного покрытия в районах ММГ, необходимо выполнить совместный расчет трех физических полей — термического, гидравлического и механического, т.е. термогидромеханический (TГM) расчет. Такие расчеты требуются для проектирования и оценки соответствия нормативным требованиям при строительстве дорог в районах вечной мерзлоты. Сейчас на практике применяются отдельные методики расчета теплового состояния дорог на ММГ, после которого используются обычные приемы расчета механики многослойных дорожных конструкций. Для осуществления совместных TГM расчетов использовали широко распространенный для расчетов строительных конструкций конечно-элементный (КЭ) программный пакет Plaxis 2D.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На основе проведенных исследований разработаны рекомендуемые КЭ модели для совместного TГM расчета насыпей АД в районах ММГ. Данные КЭ модели позволяют также изучать поля деформаций и поля скоростей фильтрации воды в процессе размораживания конструкции насыпь – основание.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Продемонстрированы возможности разработки КЭ моделей для совместного TГM расчета насыпей АД в районах ММГ с помощью пакета программ Plaxis 2D. На конкретных примерах показано, что эти модели позволяют, в частности, определить оптимальную конструкцию насыпи автодороги в районах вечной мерзлоты при наличии ММГ и использовании для термостабилизации теплоизолирующих плит типа XPS в теле насыпи. Проведенные исследования на разработанных КЭ моделях показали, что эти модели позволяют также изучать поля деформаций и поля скоростей фильтрации воды в процессе размораживания конструкции насыпь – основание, что дает возможность проведения исследований различных дорожных конструкций, проектируемых для работы в арктических зонах на ММГ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Modern construction practice in areas with permafrost soils (PS) shows that the most rational principle for the construction of foundations for highways in the area of prospective development of the territories of the Arctic zone is the preservation of soils in a frozen state (the so-called I design principle). This is primarily due to economic considerations, since soil thawing is a costly technology, and its use is justified to some extent only in the area of island occurrence of permafrost soils.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In order to meet the regulatory requirements for the strength and deformations of the pavement in the PS areas, it is necessary to perform a joint calculation of three physical fields — thermal, hydraulic and mechanical, that is, to perform a thermohydromechanical (THM) calculation. Such calculations, which are absolutely necessary for the design and assessment of conformity during the construction of roads in permafrost areas. At the same time, only separate methods of calculating the thermal condition of roads at PS are currently used in practice, after which the usual methods of calculating the mechanics of multilayer road structures are further applied. In this paper, the authors used the Plaxis 2D finite element (FE) software package, which is widely used for calculations of building structures, to perform joint THM calculations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The paper presents the results of the conducted research, on the basis of which recommended FE models have been developed for the joint THM calculation of embankments of highways in the PS areas. Concrete examples show that these models make it possible, in particular, to determine the optimal location in the body of the embankment of the XPS thermal insulation board layers used for thermal insulation. The data from the FE model also make it possible to study the fields of deformations and fields of water filtration rates during the defrosting of the embankment – base structure.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. This study shows the possibilities of developing FE models for the joint thermohydromechanical calculation of highway embankments in permafrost areas using the Plaxis 2D software package. Concrete examples show that these models make it possible, in particular, to determine the optimal design of a highway embankment in permafrost areas in the presence of PS when used for thermal stabilization of XPS-type insulating plates in the embankment body. The studies carried out on the developed FE models have shown that these models also make it possible to study the fields of deformations and fields of water filtration rates during the thawing of the embankment – base structure, which makes it possible to conduct research on various road structures designed to operate in the Arctic zones at PS.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>арктические зоны</kwd><kwd>совместный термогидромеханический расчет</kwd><kwd>метод конечных элементов</kwd><kwd>замораживание – оттаивание грунта</kwd><kwd>многолетнемерзлые грунты</kwd><kwd>теплоизолирующие плиты</kwd><kwd>насыпи автомобильных дорог</kwd><kwd>пакет программ Plaxis 2D</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arctic zones</kwd><kwd>joint thermohydromechanical calculation</kwd><kwd>finite element method</kwd><kwd>freezing – thawing of soil</kwd><kwd>permafrost soils</kwd><kwd>thermal insulation plates</kwd><kwd>embankments of highways</kwd><kwd>Plaxis 2D software package</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aukenthaler M. 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