The model of “heat island” of urbanized territories and its transformation

Introduction. The issue of the formation of a “heat island”, characterized by active thermal and aerodynamic characteristics in the air zone of the urban surface layer of the atmosphere of the “heat island” is considered. The study of the thermal regime of the city, based on local climatic and environmental data, is the most urgent task in the formation and transformation of the “urban heat island”. The conditions of a comfortable human stay in cities located in southern latitudes are inextricably linked with radiation exposure under the influence of solar radiation, which are aggravated by the influence of the “heat island”. Compilation of a model of transformational changes in the air dome of the “heat island”, as well as the dependence of transformation on various types of morphotypes of the active surface of urban infrastructure is the main objective of this study.

Methods and materials. Based on the generalization of a number of results of meteorological, climatic, microclimatic and thermophysical studies, a software package was developed to study the process of formation and transformation of the “heat island”. The data was used in the form of satellite images from the Landsat-8 spacecraft with a TIRS sensor.

Results. The analysis of the results of theoretical studies and calculations of the formation and transformation of the thermal envelope of an urban area using computer modelling showed the dependence of the qualitative and quantitative thermodynamic and aerodynamic characteristics of the “heat island” and the turbulence coefficient. It is established that the turbulence coefficient directly affects the transformation of the dome of the “heat island” in the direction of movement of the main wind flow. At the same time, the higher the coefficient, the more dynamic the transformation of the dome along the length X and height Z.

Conclusions. The developed methodology of qualitative and quantitative assessment of the heat and wind regime of the urban “heat island” model and its transformation allows preliminary forecasting and assessment of the temperature field of the thermal air envelope of the urban environment. A model of transformational changes in the air dome of the “heat island” with various morphotypes of the active surface of the urban infrastructure is compiled.

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