Numerical Simulation of the Dynamic Response of the “Evolution” Tower under Wind Action Considering Surrounding Buildings and Turbulence Resolution

Introduction. Existing normative methodologies do not always adequately describe the dynamic response of high-rise buildings under wind action, especially when considering complex geometry and interaction with surrounding developments. In this study, a numerical simulation methodology for the dynamic response of high-rise buildings under wind action is developed, accounting for aerodynamic interference and resolving the spectrum of turbulent fluctuations based on unsteady CFD-modelling and direct dynamic finite element analysis. An example of using this methodology is shown, along with numerical results of modelling the dynamic response at different wind attack angles of the “Evolution” Tower, which is part of the Moscow International Business Centre “Moscow-City”.

Materials and methods. The methodology divides the problem into two stages: unsteady aerodynamic modelling and calculation of the dynamic response of the structure. Aerodynamic models of the building complex of the Moscow International Business Centre “Moscow-City” and a finite element model of the “Evolution” Tower were developed for this purpose. A hybrid turbulence model SBES was applied for aerodynamic simulation, allowing the resolving of the spectrum of turbulent fluctuations. The dynamic response of the building is calculated using direct dynamic finite element analysis based on the implicit Newmark method.

Results. The results of aerodynamic simulation are presented as floor-by-floor distributions of aerodynamic forces and moments for different wind directions. The calculated dynamic response based on these results showed a significant influence of aerodynamic interference on the building’s behaviour. Comparison with calculations using the normative methodology CP 20.13330.2016 demonstrated the conservatism of the latter and the need for more accurate calculation methods.

Conclusions. The proposed methodology allows for a more accurate prediction of the dynamic response of high-rise buildings under wind action, which is crucial for ensuring mechanical safety and dynamic comfort. It is recommended to implement this methodology in the practice of design justification for high-rise buildings, which will optimize structural solutions, enhance mechanical safety, and increase the economic efficiency of high-rise construction.

1. Soloviev A., Nikonova E., Gerasimov A. Design of Buildings and Structures. Moscow, 2022; 76. (rus.).

2. Rybakova L.Y., Balashova E.Y. High-rise buildings: design, analysis and safety. Traditions and innovations in construction and architecture. Construction and construction technologies : collection of articles of the 80th Anniversary All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference. 2023; 55-61. EDN FUXTVT. (rus.).

3. Yadav H., Roy A.K. Wind-Induced Aerodynamic Responses of Triangular High-Rise Buildings with Varying Cross-Section Areas. Buildings. 2024; 14(9):2722. DOI: 10.3390/buildings14092722

4. Shan W., Yang Q., Guo K., Chen C., Zhen W., Kim Y.C. Across-wind response characteristics of tall-square towers in urban flow: An experimental study focused on the aeroelastic effects. Physics of Fluids. 2024; 36(3). DOI: 10.1063/5.0194289

5. Abdelwahab M., Ghazal T., Nadeem K., Aboshosha H., Elshaer A. Performance-based wind design for tall buildings : review and comparative study. Journal of Building Engineering. 2023; 68:106103. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106103

6. Xu Z., Yin J. The influence of aeroelastic effects on wind load and wind-induced response of a super-tall building: an experimental study. Buildings. 2023; 13(7):1871. DOI: 10.3390/buildings13071871

7. Wijesooriya K., Mohotti D., Mendis P. A technical review of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) applications on wind design of tall buildings and structures: Past, present and future. Journal of Building Engineering. 2023; 74(106828). DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106828

8. Hareendran S.P., Alipour A., Shafei B., Sarkar P. Characterizing wind-structure interaction for performance-based wind design of tall buildings. Engineering Structures. 2023; 289:115812. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.115812

9. Saiyan S.G., Efimova А.M. Computational aerodynamic studies of the MIBC “Moscow-City” complex during sequential construction of buildings. Vestnik MGSU [Monthly Journal on Construction and Architecture]. 2024; 19(6):906-941. DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2024.6.906-941 (rus.).

10. Mengistu M.T., Repetto M.P. Analytical downburst wind load calculation methods: review and full-scale validation. Engineering Structures. 2024; 321:118970. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.118970

11. Zhao S., Zhang C., Dai X., Yan Z. Review of Wind-Induced Effects Estimation through Nonlinear Analysis of Tall Buildings, High-Rise Structures, Flexible Bridges and Transmission Lines. Buildings. 2023; 13(8):2033. DOI: 10.3390/buildings13082033

12. Varibrus D.S., Gribanov D.S. Methodology for calculating the response of a structure to wind pulsations. Innovative Science. 2021; 5:35-37. EDN FCIXXI. (rus.).

13. Negrozova I.Yu., Afanasyeva I.N. A review of analytical and semi-empirical approaches for analysis of flutter aerodynamic instability. FEFU: School of Engineering Bulletin. 2023; 1(54):119-140. DOI: 10.24866/2227-6858/2023-1/119-140. EDN MCXFEQ. (rus.).

14. Kwon D.K., Kareem A. Hybrid simulation of a tall building with a double-decker tuned sloshing damper system under wind loads. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings. 2020; 29(15). DOI: 10.1002/tal.1790

15. Ilyukhina E.A., Lahman S.I., Miller A.B., Travush V.I. Design solutions of the high-rise building “Lakhta center” in Saint-Petersburg. Academia. Architecture and Construction. 2019; 3:110-121. DOI: 10.22337/2077-9038-2019-3-110-121. EDN MLORRC. (rus.).

16. Ding F., Kareem A. Tall buildings with dynamic facade under winds. Engineering. 2020; 6(12):1443-1453. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.020

17. Saiyan S.G. Modeling the acceleration of the upper floors of a high-rise building under wind action. Days of Student Science : collection of reports of the scientific and technical conference on the results of research work of students of the Institute of Fundamental Education of the National Research University Moscow State University of Civil Engineering for the 2019-2020 academic year. 2020; 295-298. EDN JHLVLJ. (rus.).

18. Saiyan S., Andreev V., Paushkin A. Numerical simulation of accelerations of the upper floors of a high-rise building under wind influence. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. 2022; 269-279. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-10853-2_25

19. Sun W., Wang X., Dong D., Zhang M., Li Q. A comprehensive review on estimation of equivalent static wind loads on long-span roofs. Advances in Structural Engineering. 2023; 26(14):2572-2599. DOI: 10.1177/13694332231190706

20. Zhang S., Guo K., Yang Q., Xu X. Review of Wind Field Characteristics of Downbursts and Wind Effects on Structures under Their Action. Buildings. 2024; 14(9):2653. DOI: 10.3390/buildings14092653

21. Bruno L., Coste N., Mannini C., Mariotti A., Patruno L., Schito P. et al. Codes and standards on computational wind engineering for structural design: State of art and recent trends. Wind and Structures. 2023; 37:133-151. DOI: 10.12989/was.2023.37.2.133

22. Mishichev D.K. Comparative analysis of domestic and foreign standards in terms of determining wind load on buildings. The potential of intellectually gifted youth — the development of science and education : materials of the XII International Scientific Forum of Young Scientists, Innovators, Students and Schoolchildren. 2023; 482-485. EDN FAFZOA. (rus.).

23. Tiwari L., Asher A., Deshpande A., Murudi M. Analysis of 150 m long wind mast using Indian code, U.S. Code & Eurocode. AIP Conference Proce-edings. 2024; 3013:030003. DOI: 10.1063/5.0204653

24. Baballëku M., Verzivolli A., Luka R., Zgjanolli R. Fundamental basic wind speed in Albania: An adoption in accordance with Eurocodes. Journal of Transactions in Systems Engineering. 2023; 1(2):56-72. DOI: 10.15157/JTSE.2023.1.2.56-72

25. Llanes-Tizoc M.D., Valenzuela-Beltrán F., Bojórquez E., Bojórquez J., Gaxiola-Camacho J.R., Leal-Graciano J.M. et al. Rayleigh Damping vs. Modal Damping Matrix Superposition for Steel Frames and Evaluation of Higher-Mode Contribution. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering. 2024. DOI: 10.1007/s40996-024-01615-2

26. Miyamoto K., She J., Sato D., Chen Y., Soriano R.D.A., Nakano S. Wind-load estimation for seismically isolated building by equivalent-input-disturbance approach with robust-control strategy. Control Engineering Practice. 2024; 145:105853. DOI: 10.1016/j.conengprac.2024.105853

27. Sidorov V.N., Badina E.S., Klimushkin D.O. Modification of Rayleigh dissipation function for numerical simulation of internal damping in rod structures. Vestnik MGSU [Monthly Journal on Construction and Architecture]. 2024; 19(6):960-970. DOI: 10.22227/1997-0935.2024.6.960-970. EDN MYGSCN. (rus.).