Sustainable development of the Russian Arctic based on port architectural and urban planning clusters of the northern sea route

Introduction. Currently, according to the new territorial development strategy, the development of the Russian Arctic in general and the development and optimization of the structure of the ports of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) in particular is one of the most important national priorities. The growing demand for infrastructure equipment for the ports of the Arctic Ocean region, the growing interest in offshore deposits in the Arctic Council countries and the need for socio-economic development of the surrounding areas require a comprehensive approach, in particular the development and implementation of a three-stage long-term development model, which includes a master plan for a settlement, an architectural and urban planning group and a standard architectural model. The objective of the study is to identify the characteristics and problems of the design of the architectural structure of the seaports of the North Sea coast in a new geopolitical phase, the development of Arctic architectural clusters based on the logistics core (seaport) and the construction of typical architectural models within the cluster based on the prevailing typology.

Materials and methods. The study is based on the application of a systematic and comprehensive approach to the design of architectural objects of seaports within the framework of clusters, an analytical analysis of documents on the spatial development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 with a forecast up to 2036, an SWOT analysis of the potential of the proposed architectural and urban planning models, and analog modeling.

Results. Regional features and problems of forming the architectural structure of NSR seaports at a new historical stage are identified. Three architectural and urban planning models of Arctic clusters based on the port of the Northern Sea Route are developed. Typical architectural models within the cluster are proposed, based on the prevailing typology. A SWOT analysis of the use of the cluster approach is conducted. Weaknesses and strengths, opportunities and threats are determined.

Conclusions. The need to supplement the new Strategy for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation until 2035 is justified by the application of a three-stage long-term urban development model, which includes: a master plan for a settlement, an architectural and urban development cluster, and a standard architectural model based on the prevailing typology.

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