Hazardous geological processes at incomplete construction sites

Introduction. The purpose of the research is to study the regularities of development of hazardous geological processes caused by the termination of construction of buildings for a long time. These processes include any changes in the Earth’s crust that can have a negative impact on the living conditions of the population and cause economic damage.

Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the territory of Moscow, as well as Moscow and Kaluga regions. The subject of the study was the natural and technical system formed in the process of destruction of incomplete construction objects. Special attention was paid to the territories surrounding the long-term abandoned buildings, where no work had been carried out for many years.

Results. On the territories surrounding the abandoned incomplete objects, the greatest danger are: suffosion, karst, erosion, landslides, liquefaction of soils and rocks, causing a decrease in their strength. The generalized analysis of the obtained data made it possible to create a classification of incomplete construction objects. It simultaneously takes into account the condition of building structures and hazardous changes in the surrounding area. The practical application of the classification will provide a systemic character of activities aimed at solving the problem of abandoned buildings. Assigning a certain status to an unfinished construction object can serve as a justification for its restoration or liquidation. A programme for depreservation of incomplete objects was developed.

Conclusions. An adequate idea of the impact of an unfinished construction project on living conditions in the city can only be given by studying the natural and technical system that formed during the period of stoppage of work. Its main elements are: an incomplete building and a site where the development of hazardous processes caused by destruction is observed. It is necessary to create an information array on incomplete construction objects, which would include long-term abandoned buildings that are not subject to restoration. The depreservation of incomplete buildings for their further construction should be carried out after a mandatory study of tendencies in the development of dangerous geological processes that occurred during the period of construction stoppage.

1. Orlova L.N. Some aspects of building insolation in solving the problem of long-term construction. Privolzhsky Scientific Journal. 2020; 1:274-281. EDN MMCRKY. (rus.).

2. Pankratov O.E., Pankratov E.P. Problems of unfinished construction and ways to reduce it. Economics of Construction. 2020; 5(65):3-13. EDN BIVGHP. (rus.).

3. Gazimagomaeva A.A. Investments in real estate: problems of “long-term construction”. Trends in the development of science and education. 2022; 86-4:46-48. DOI: 10.18411/trnio-06-2022-148. EDN FLRWRX. (rus.).

4. Spelman W. Abandoned Buildings: Magnets for Crime. Journal of Criminal Justice. 1993; 21(5):481-495. DOI: 10.1016/0047-2352(93)90033-j

5. Accordino J., Johnson G. Addressing the Vacant and Abandoned Property Problem. Journal of Urban Affairs. 2000; 22(3):301-315. DOI: 10.1111/0735-2166.00058

6. Branas C.С., Cheney R.A., MacDonald J.M., Tam V.W., Jackson T.D., Ten Have T.R. A Difference-in-Differences Analysis of Health, Safety, and Greening Vacant Urban Space. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2011; 174(11):1296-1306. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr273

7. Shane J.M. Abandoned Buildings and Lots. Center for Problem-Oriented Policing. 2012; 64:80. URL: https://popcenter.asu.edu/content/abandonedbuildings-and-lots-0

8. Faur F., Apostu I.-M. The impact and the risk of abandoned buildings from Petroșani city on the urban environment. Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Ambientum. 2019; 64(2):11-30. DOI: 10.24193/subbambientum.2019.2.02

9. Joo H., Lee S. Spatial Analysis of Abandoned Houses and Their Influencing Factors in South Korea. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(18):8576. DOI: 10.3390/app11188576

10. Cohen J. Abandoned Housing: Exploring Lessons from Baltimore. Housing Policy Debate. 2001; 12(3):415-448. DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2001.9521413

11. Holcomb J. Abandoning Places. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin. 2008; 77(10):22-32. URL: https:// www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/abandoning-places

12. Han H.-S. The Impact of Abandoned Properties on Nearby Property Value. Housing Policy Debate. 2014; 24(2):311-334. DOI: 10.1080/10511482.2013.832350

13. Suzdaleva A.L. Biosocial emergencies. Natural and Technical Sciences. 2022; 8(171):114-115. DOI: 10.25633/ETN.2022.08.08. EDN DCHKRL. (rus.).

14. Suzdaleva A.L. Depressed areas: main types and mechanisms of formation. Natural and Technical Sciences. 2022; 8(171):116-117. DOI: 10.25633/ETN.2022.08.09. EDN TOSECA. (rus.).

15. Shikangalah R.N., Jeltsch F., Blaum N., Mueller E. A Review on Urban Soil Water Erosion. Journal for Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. 2016; 5(1). URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1837

16. Tang H., Shi P., Fu X. An Analysis of Soil Erosion on Construction Sites in Megacities Using Analytic Hierarchy Process. Sustainability. 2023; 15(2):1325. DOI: 10.3390/su15021325

17. Isola F., Lai S., Leone F., Zoppi C. Land Take and Landslide Hazard: Spatial Assessment and Policy Implications from a Study Concerning Sardinia. Land. 2023; 12(2):359. DOI: 10.3390/land12020359

18. Sergeev E.M. Engineering geology — the science of the geological environment. Engineering Geology. 1979; 1:1-9. URL: https://geoenv.ru/materials/sergeev_disk_2/22_%D0%B8%D0%B3-1979-1.pdf?ysclid=li64eomvda127305369 (rus.).

19. Suzdaleva A.L. Second geology — science about technogenic bodies of the lithosphere : monograph. Moscow, RadioSoft, 2022; 584. URL: https://ntsyst.ru/pages/geologysecond2.html (rus.).

20. Suzdaleva A.L., Goryunova S.V., Beznosov V.N. Technogenic water acuumulation ecological problems and solutions. RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety. 2015; 4:107-113. EDN VBICOD. (rus.).

21. Yakovleva I.Y., Suzdaleva A.L. Risks of dangerous consequences of the existence of abandoned unfinished construction objects in cities. The Eurasian Scientific Journal. 2022; 14(5). URL: https://esj.today/PDF/27NZVN522.pdf (rus.).

22. Belyaeva E.L., Khlebnikova N.V., Margulets A.V., Dari S.B. Engineering support for completion of “problematic objects”. Engineering support tasks (expert opinion). Academia. Architecture and Construction. 2021; 1:161-169. DOI: 10.22337/2077-9038-2021-1-161-169. EDN PCZSMH. (rus.).