Structural features of asphalt concrete when using capsules for self-healing

Introduction. Given the wide range of asphalt concrete mixtures covered by the updated regulatory framework, the organic and mineral content may vary, and their impact on capsules added to a standard organomineral system may also be variable. This study aims to establish the boundary conditions for the use of a modifier in the form of capsules containing a restoring agent in asphalt concrete mixtures with varying particle size distributions and bitumen binder contents.

Materials and methods. The particle size distribution of the mineral framework were studied in accordance with the requirements for stone-mastic asphalt concrete mixtures according to GOST 31015–2002, GOST R 58406.1–2020 and GOST R 58401.2–2019, as well as hot asphalt concrete mixtures according to GOST 9128–2013, GOST R 58406.2–2020 and GOST R 58401.1–2019.

Results. An approach is proposed that can be used to assess the suitability of asphalt concrete mixtures at the design stage of
the mineral component, taking into account the geometric dimensions of the encapsulated modifier used. The number of capsules depends on the residual porosity of the designed asphalt concrete, which must be taken into account when selecting the composition and compacting the asphalt concrete mixture.

Conclusions. The required mineral framework structure for using the self-healing modifier in the form of capsules with a diameter of 1.1 mm is required for mixtures based on a mineral framework with a maximum size of at least 10 mm. Such mixtures include stone mastic asphalt concretes SHMA-20 and SHMA-15, which meet the requirements of GOST 31015; SHMA-22, SHMA-16, and SHMA-11, which meet the requirements of GOST R 58406.1; SMA-22 and SMA-16, which meet the requirements of GOST R 58401.2; as well as hot-mix asphalt concretes A22Vt and A16Vt, which meet the requirements of GOST R 58406.2; SP-32, SP-22, and SP-16, which meet the requirements of GOST R 58401.1. With some grain compositions, near the maximum permissible limit, voids may form in the frameworks with sufficient volume to accommodate capsules in mixtures of type A, type B, type B, A11Bt and SP-11.

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