The use of crushed porcelain stoneware tiles as a substitute for aggregates in heavy concrete

Introduction. The possibility of replacing all types of aggregate in heavy concrete with crushed porcelain stoneware tiles (PST) is being considered. The work is carried out within the framework of cooperation with the enterprise for the production of sanitary products and porcelain stoneware — “Samara Stroyfarfor” LLC. The urgency of the task is to use this material as a component of the concrete mix, which in turn will help to free up space on the territory of the enterprise and lead to the return of production waste to reuse as a sought-after product. The main purpose of the study is to identify how the use of crushed PST will affect the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete in comparison with “classical” aggregates.

Materials and methods. The main materials used were: Volga river sand with a grain size of 1.4; PST waste with a grain size of 2.1; crushed stone from dense rocks (manufacturer Orsky Crushed Stone Plant, branch of JSC PNK), fractions 5–20; crushed stone of sedimentary origin (manufacturer Ivanteevsky Stone Quarry), fractions 5–20 mm; PST waste, fractions 5–10 mm; the binder is Portland cement CEM II/V-W 42.5N; tap water.

Results. Several experimental studies were conducted to evaluate the possibility of using porcelain stoneware as a filler for concrete. The result of this work involved studying the basic physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete, such as density and compressive strength on cubic specimens. The hardening took place under normal conditions. The compressive strength of the specimens was determined at an intermediate age of 7 days and a design age of 28 days. In the process, optimal ratios of aggregates, both fine and course, in concrete compositions were identified.

Conclusions. The results obtained indicate the possibility of using a large granite slab in heavy concrete compositions without deterioration of their physical and mechanical characteristics, and in some cases their improvement, however, it should be noted that the use of waste from the production of crushed PST in its pure form is not advisable, both in the case of fine aggregate for concrete and coarse. Mixed with ordinary fine sand or crushed stone from dense rocks, concrete production in the construction industry can be fully established.

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