Study of the activity of thermal power plant waste from the point of application in mineral binders

Introduction. For the efficient use of waste in mineral binders and obtaining the specified characteristics of the final materials based on them, it is necessary to take into account one of the most important characteristics of the raw material component — activity. The analysis of the activity of fly ash of different composition using various physicochemical methods, allowing to determine the possibility of their use in cement-based binder systems, was carried out. Obtaining mineral binders using waste from various industries requires special attention due to the specifics of their production, storage and change in properties under the influence of external factors. A comprehensive approach in determining the activity of such materials will allow us to establish the nature and mechanisms of interaction of fly ash with binder components.

Materials and methods. TThe paper analyzes the activity of thermal power plant waste in the form of fly ash of various compositions: basic fly ash of the Nazarovskaya TPP; acid fly ash of the Reftinskaya SDPP. The following set of methods was used to analyze the activity: accelerated CaO content (GOST 25818–2017); Frattini test (EN 196-5:2011); Chapelle method (NF P18-513); assessment of the heat of hydration by differential calorimetry (proprietary technique).

Results. Based on a comprehensive assessment of the activity of the waste from the thermal power plant, it was established that both of them are active. In turn, the main fly ash from the Nazarovskaya TPP has both binding properties and, to a much lesser extent, pozzolanic activity, while the acidic fly ash from the Reftinskaya SDPP has only pozzolanic activity.

Conclusions. Due to its activity, fly ash can be used as auxiliary components in cement compositions, as well as to replace part of the cement with a rationally selected amount of components. To establish the nature of the interaction, as well as the speed and intensity of reactions in the process of structure formation of the cement matrix in the presence of fly ash, a comprehensive approach using physicochemical methods is necessary.

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